The number and quality of sperm are decreased due to?bisphenol A?(BPA) exposure, an endocrine-disrupting chemical on the male reproductive system, especially in advanced?paternal age?(APA).?Procyanidin?C-1 (PCY-1), an antioxidant from grape seed (Vitis?vinifera?L.), has demonstrated anti-viral, anti-melanogenic and immunostimulatory effects. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of PCY-1 intervention on sperm parameters,?testis?morphological changes,?serum testosterone, oestradiol, and?luteinizing hormone?(LH) concentrations and the expression of apoptotic (Bax and Bcl-2) and mitochondria-related (Mfn1?and?Opa1) genes in BPA-exposed aged mice. Results revealed that PCY-1 intervention improves aged?male fertility?in BPA-exposed conditions by decreasing abnormal sperms percentage and increasing spermatogenic cell diameter and epithelial height. PCY-1 also decreased oestradiol, and increased LH and?testosterone?levels. The gene expression of Bax was significantly down-regulated by PCY-1 intervention. In contrast, Bcl-2 was substantially up-regulated. Expression of?Mfn1?and?Opa1?genes were also significantly up-regulated in the PCY intervention group. Hence, it is demonstrated that PCY-1 was able to mitigate the adverse effects of BPA on reproductive parameters of aged mice. Collectively, we postulated that PCY-1 has a potential role in protecting the ageing male reproductive system against the damaging impacts of BPA.
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